DNA and Ancestry – Your Matches

Announcements

Do you have extra books at home and need to downsize? You can bring your donations to the library or take them to the Used Friendly Books store. If there are certain titles we are looking for, the book store helps us snag them when they come in. By donating you can help us and you can help yourself.

Computer Classes every Sat. mornings 10-12. "Open House" Whatever you need. Drop in anytime during those two hours.

Summer Reading Program will be starting soon. Watch for announcements on that and registration information. This is for ages Adults through young children! Come Join Us and explore new worlds.

Have you read “everything” we have? Come check out our new book display, now in the Main Hallway for easy access.

Check out our new blog on movies and music at: RPL's Movies and Music by Robert Finch

Genealogy tip for the day: DNA and Ancestry – Your Matches

Among all the DNA information one can get, finding matches to other cousins (or closer) is the most exciting. You may have seen or read stories in the news of people finding siblings, or other relatives they didn't know existed or didn't know where they were. Often times this was because of adoption or other similar situations. Since DNA has been discovered it has opened the door to many exciting family reunions. More and more people are using this method in assisting their searches.

On Ancestry, through either your DNA homepage or on the DNA menu button, you can click on “Matches/Last Viewed Match” to see what matches are suggested. This is where you find the good stuff.

On the page with the list of matches you will see a blue dot and an empty star outline. The blue dot means it is new. Everything will have a blue dot until you click on it. Once you have looked at that match, the dot is no longer blue. This helps you keep track what you have looked at and what you haven’t. If this match is something you are interested in, or want to keep track of, you can click on the star here, (or on the individual’s page). The star will turn yellow.

On the first page you will see the suggestions are divided into potential levels of cousins: 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th-8^th. This breaks down your possible matches into what the relations may be.

At the top of the page of suggested matches you will find filters across the top: a leaf, a yellow star and a blue dot. You can click on one of these and it will list only the ones that meet that criteria.  Say you have reviewed all or a lot of the matches and you've marked some of the stars. You can click on the star filter and look just at those matches. When you click on the blue dot, it will filter all the ones you have left that you haven’t looked at. As you go through the matches and come back to the list you will see the blue dot is gone. The leaf may be the most important filter. So we will talk more about that later.

Let’s “look” at a person’s page that is suggested as a match. Across that entry you will see there are three places you can click on to go to their page. Also on each entry you will see one of the following 4 options:

          “no family tree” (in gray) or

“### people” or
“### people – with a padlock” or

“### people – with a leaf”

“no family tree” means they have not uploaded or created a family tree on ancestry.com. But according to the DNA database they are a possible match. You have the option of contacting them if you wish. In order to find the match you would have to make contact.

“### people” - The entries that just list a number with no following icon are people that have some of the same surnames as you do, but there is no common ancestor found in Ancestry’s database. You can look at their page and see the surnames they list. When you click on one of the surnames like yours it will reveal all of the people in your tree and in theirs that have that last name. You may or may not be able to tell if there is a connection. It most probably depends on who has gone back far enough to find a connection. Sometimes your line goes back further and their line does not or vice-versa. Again, you would need to contact them to find out.

“### people – with a padlock”: this person has a family tree but has chosen to keep it private. There is no way to see if you have any commonalities or not. Again you have the opportunity to contact that person to see if they would be willing to allow you to look at their tree. This is no guarantee. You can however choose to skip it for now. The padlock icon gives you the option of skipping them, or go to their page and click on the trash can; or contacting them if you wish.

If you choose to delete a person/match, Ancestry puts it into a “removed list”. So it doesn't totally delete the information forever. It just puts it in another place, out of your way. You can always retrieve the list later, if you wish. In this way the various entries can help you determine what you want to do. If you wish to removed them, doing so from here could save time or help you chose how you want to handle this connection.

“### people – with a leaf”: Of these suggested matches, whether 3^rd or 8^th cousins, Ancestry has found a common ancestor between you and the other person. We will talk about this next time in more detail. These are the ones that are the most exciting.

Your humor for the day.

“History is who we are; Genealogy is who I am” sg

If any of these posts are helpful drop us a line in the comments section below. We just want to know if the information we provide to you is beneficial in anyway.

Today in History

February 25

1570		Pope Pius V issues the bull Regnans in Excelsis which excommunicates Queen Elizabeth of England. (She is responsible for introducing Protestantism to England.)
1601		Robert Devereux, the second Earl of Essex and former favorite of Elizabeth I, is beheaded in the Tower of London for high treason.
1642		Dutch settlers slaughter lower Hudson Valley Indians in New Netherland, North America, who sought refuge from Mohawk attackers.
1779		The British surrender the Illinois country to George Rogers Clark at Vincennes.
1781		American General Nathaniel Greene crosses the Dan River on his way to attack Cornwallis.
1791		President George Washington s a bill creating the Bank of the United States.
1804		Thomas Jefferson is nominated for president at the Democratic-Republican caucus.
1815		Napoleon leaves his exile on the island of Elba, returning to France.
1831		The Polish army halts the Russian advance into their country at the Battle of Grochow.
1836		Samuel Colt patents the first revolving cylinder multi-shot firearm.
1862		Confederate troops abandon Nashville, Tennessee, in the face of Grant's advance. The ironclad Monitor is commissioned at the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
1865		General Joseph E. Johnston replaces John Bell Hood as Commander of the Confederate Army of Tennessee.
1904		J.M. Synge's play Riders to the Sea opens in Dublin.
1910		The Dalai Lama flees from the Chinese and takes refuge in India.
1919		Oregon introduces the first state tax on gasoline at one cent per gallon, to be used for road construction.
1913		The 16th Amendment to the constitution is adopted, setting the legal basis for the income tax.
1926		Poland demands a permanent seat on the League of Nations council.
1928		Bell Labs introduces a new device to end the fluttering of the television image.
1943		U.S. troops retake the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia, where they had been defeated five days before.
1944		U.S. forces destroy 135 Japanese planes in Marianas and Guam.
1952		French colonial forces evacuate Hoa Binh in Indochina.
1956		Stalin is secretly disavowed by Khrushchev at a party congress for promoting the "cult of the individual."
1976		The U.S. Supreme Court rules that states may ban the hiring of illegal aliens.
Born on February 25
1841		Pierre Auguste Renoir, French painter and founder of the French Impressionist movement.
1856		Charles Lang Freer, U.S. art collector.
1873		Enrico Caruso, Italian opera tenor.
1888		John Foster Dulles, Secretary of State to President Eisenhower.
1894		Meher Baba, spiritual leader.
1895		Rudolf von Eschwege, German fighter ace in World War I. .
1905		Adele Davis, nutritionist.
1917		Anthony Burgess, English writer (A Clockwork Orange).

Word for the Day

chiral

PRONUNCIATION:

(KY-ruhl)

MEANING:

adjective: Not superimposable on its mirror image.

ETYMOLOGY:

From Greek cheir (hand). Ultimately from the Indo-European root ghes- (hand), which also gave us cheiromancy/chiromancy (palmistry), surgeon (literally, one who works with hands), and enchiridion (handbook). Earliest documented use: 1894.

USAGE:

"She handed me chopsticks, left hand to left hand. The knot I always had inside me seemed to loosen. Her other-handedness, my true inheritance. Back in Eden's Prairie, it had been an abnormality, an asymmetricality, like a chiral molecule, one that has the same basic structure as others, but doesn't fit in anywhere."
Marie Myung-Ok Lee; Somebody's Daughter; Beacon Press; 2005.

A THOUGHT FOR TODAY:

It is the final proof of God's omnipotence that he need not exist in order to save us. -Peter De Vries, novelist (1910-1993)

Today’s Recipe

February - Chocolate Lover’s Month

Texas Sheet Cake

Ingredients

Cooking spray

2 teaspoons all-purpose flour

9 ounces all-purpose flour (about 2 cups)

2 cups granulated sugar

1 teaspoon baking soda

1 teaspoon ground cinnamon

1/4 teaspoon salt

3/4 cup water

1/2 cup butter

1/2 cup unsweetened cocoa, divided

1/2 cup low-fat buttermilk

1 tablespoon vanilla extract, divided

2 large eggs

6 tablespoons butter

1/3 cup fat-free milk

3 cups powdered sugar

1/4 cup chopped pecans, toasted

Preparation

1. Preheat oven to 375°.
2. Coat a 15 x 10-inch jelly-roll pan with cooking spray; dust with 2 teaspoons flour. Set aside.
3. Weigh or lightly spoon 9 ounces (2 cups) flour into dry measuring cups; level with a knife. Combine 9 ounces flour and next 4 ingredients (through salt) in a large bowl. Combine 3/4 cup water, 1/2 cup butter, and 1/4 cup cocoa in a saucepan; bring to a boil, stirring frequently. Pour into flour mixture. Beat with a mixer at medium speed until well blended. Add buttermilk, 1 teaspoon vanilla, and eggs; beat well. Pour batter into prepared pan. Bake at 375° for 17 minutes or until a wooden pick inserted in center comes out clean. Place on a wire rack.
4. Combine 6 tablespoons butter, fat-free milk, and 1/4 cup cocoa in a saucepan. Bring to a boil, stirring constantly. Remove from heat. Gradually stir in powdered sugar; stir in 2 teaspoons vanilla and pecans. Spread over hot cake. Cool completely on wire rack.

February’s Recipes: (Do you like have a list of past recipes here?)

3^rd Molten Chocolate cake

4^th Chocolate Chip cookies – Alton Brown’s

5^th Chocolate Truffles

6^th Slow Cooker Chocolate Fondue

8^th Chocolate Sheet cake

10^th Brownie Tart

11^th Gooey, Decadent Chocolate cake

12^th Chocolate Covered Strawberries

13^th Chocolate Baklava

18^th Mexican Chocolate Cream Pie

19^th Chocolate Chunk Bread Pudding

20^th Marbled-Chocolate Banana Bread

22^nd Chocolate Hazelnut Mousse

24^th Classic Fudge-Walnut Brownie

25^th Texas Sheet Cake

ENJOY!

Now You Know!

DNA and Ancestry – Your Ethnicity Estimate

Announcements

LEGO MANIA was a huge success Saturday. We had around 250 kids and parents/guardians come. They had a blast. There are plans to do this again once a month through May. Watch our website for dates and announcements.

Computer Classes every Sat. mornings 10-12. "Open House" Whatever you need. Drop in anytime during those two hours.

Summer Reading Program will be starting soon. Watch for announcements on that and registration information. This is for ages Adults through young children! Come Join Us and explore new worlds.

Have you read “everything” we have? Come check out our new book display, now in the Main Hallway for easy access.

Check out our new blog on movies and music at: RPL's Movies and Music by Robert Finch

Do you have extra books at home and need to downsize? You can bring your donations to the library or take them to the Used Friendly Books store. If there are certain titles we are looking for, the book store helps us snag them when they come in. By donating you can help us and you can help yourself.

Genealogy tip for the day: DNA and Ancestry – Your Ethnicity Estimate

If you use Ancestry for this adventure, you will be notified by email that the results are in. To find your results, sign into ancestry.com and click on DNA in their menu line. This gives you 3 choices:

1. Matches/last reviewed match
2. View your DNA results
3. Your DNA Home Page

Your DNA home page has your name and the name that is linked to your tree. My name with my membership is different than what I put in the tree as it lists my maiden name. On the homepage you have the choice of Ethnicity Estimate and Matches, which is basically the same as when you check the DNA button on the main menu. So you can go directly to these two pages, or go to your DNA homepage first and then to the other two.

On the Ethnicity Estimate page, it gives you three choices.

1. The new Ethnicity Estimate (their new and improved analysis)

2. How the ethnicity is determined.

3. How the range and average is calculated.

These 3 graphics give more information. The first one is the ethnicity breakdown showing where your DNA traces back; the second graphic gives you information on how this is determined, and the third one explains how they come up with the average and range for your situation. On each of these, there is again further information that goes into much deeper detail for those who are interested.

In my case, the ethnicity estimate listed Great Britain as the primary ancestry. This was what I expected. Then it gave Western Europe as the next largest. This one was not specific as to what country, like the first one listed. I do know that I have German and Dutch ancestry, but it did not break that out. It also said I had Scandinavian roots, but apparently that's due to migrations of civilizations as the peoples of Britain came from those areas. I doubt very much that I'll get back that far in my tree!

In their white paper on the subject they mentioned that the Ethnicity Estimate gives information more of an “estimate of ancient historical origins.” This is less relevant than the suggestions for matches. However, there has been a big demand on having this information. So, this page doesn’t give you that specific of information, it is more generalized. Yet it is of interest.

Next time we will look at the more interesting results – the matches that Ancestry suggests. This is the part that most people are looking for. And, I might add, the more people that do this and put their trees on Ancestry, the more matches each person would potentially have. Have you done yours?

“History is who we are; Genealogy is who I am” sg

If any of these posts are helpful drop us a line in the comments section below. We just want to know if the information we provide to you is beneficial in anyway.

Today in History

February 24

786		Pepin the Short of Gaul dies. His dominions are divided between his sons Charles (Charlemagne) and Carloman.
1525		In the first of the Franco-Habsburg Wars, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V captures the French king Francis I at the Battle of Pavia, Italy.
1538		Ferdinand of Hapsburg and John Zapolyai, the two kings of Hungary, conclude the peace of Grosswardein.
1803		Chief Justice John Marshall, by refusing to rule on the case of Marbury vs. Madison, asserts the authority of the judicial branch.
1813		Off Guiana, the American sloop Hornet sinks the British sloop Peacock.
1821		Mexico gains independence from Spain.
1836		Some 3,000 Mexicans launch an assault on the Alamo with its 182 Texan defenders.
1895		The Cuban War of Independence begins.
1908		Japan officially agrees to restrict emigration to the U.S.
1912		Italy bombs Beirut in the first act of war against the Ottoman Empire.
1912		The Jewish organization Hadassah is founded in New York City.
1914		Civil War soldier Joshua Chamberlain dies.
1916		A film version of Jules Verne's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea opens in New York.
1921		Herbert Hoover becomes Secretary of Commerce.
1928		The New Gallery of New York exhibits works of Archibald Motley, its first show to feature a black artist.
1944		Merrill's Marauders, a specially trained group of American soldiers, begin their ground campaign against Japan into Burma.
1945		U.S. forces liberate prisoners of war in the Los Baños Prison in the Philippines.
1947		Franz von Papen is sentenced to eight years in a labor camp for war crimes.
1959		Khrushchev rejects the Western plan for the Big Four meeting on Germany.
1968		North Vietnamese troops capture the imperial palace in Hue, South Vietnam.
1972		Hanoi negotiators walks out of the peace talks in Paris to protest U.S. air raids on North Vietnam.
1991		General Norman Schwarzkopf, commander of the coalition army, sends in ground forces during the Gulf War.
Born on February 24
1500		Charles V, king of Spain and the last Holy Roman Emperor to be crowned by the Pope.
1786		Wilhelm Carl Grimm, compiler, with his brother of fairy tales.
1836		Winslow Homer, American painter.
1841		John Phillip Holland, inventor of the modern submarine.
1874		Honus Wagner, baseball shortstop known as "The Flying Dutchman."
1885		Chester Nimitz, U.S. admiral who commanded naval forces in the Pacific during WWII.
1887		Mary Ellen Chase, New England writer.
1909		August Derleth, writer (Still is the Summer Night, The Shield of the Valiant).

Word for the Day

Although a chiropractor and a surgeon may not see eye to eye, they do have something in common. They both are hand-workers, etymologically speaking. The two words take birth from Greek chiro- (hand) which, even though it's not immediately obvious, does appear in the word surgeon (archaic spelling: chirurgeon).

There are dozens of hand-related idioms that are part of the English language: from being hand in glove with someone to hand-me-down clothes; from handmaidens in a court to deckhands on a ship.
Some hand-derived words have gone far beyond their origins. Even though most manufacturing now takes place on automated machines and most manuscripts are now written on word processors, both these words come from Latin manus (hand).
We have enough words on hand to last a long time, but we'll have to limit them to just five words. Enjoy these hand-selected words this week, all of them with their origins in hands.

manumit

PRONUNCIATION:

(man-yuh-MIT)

MEANING:

verb tr.: To free from slavery.

ETYMOLOGY:

From Latin manus (hand) + mittere (to let go). Ultimately from the Indo-European root man- (hand), which also gave us manual, manage, maintain, manicure, maneuver, manufacture, manuscript, command, manure, manque, legerdemain, and mortmain. Earliest documented use: 1455.

USAGE:

"George Washington always intended to manumit those of his slaves who were his own to free (as opposed to the 'dower slaves' from his wife's estate) and he did free them in his will."
First Among Equals; The Economist (London, UK); Oct 21, 2010.

A THOUGHT FOR TODAY:

A society that has more justice is a society that needs less charity. -Ralph Nader, activist, author, speaker, and attorney (b. 1934)

Today’s Recipe

February - Chocolate Lover’s Month

Classic Fudge-Walnut Brownie

Ingredients

• 3.38 ounces all-purpose flour (about 3/4 cup)
• 1 cup granulated sugar
• 3/4 cup unsweetened cocoa
• 1/2 cup packed brown sugar
• 1/2 teaspoon baking powder
• 1/4 teaspoon salt
• 1 cup bittersweet chocolate chunks, divided
• 1/3 cup fat-free milk
• 6 tablespoons butter, melted
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 2 large eggs, lightly beaten
• 1/2 cup chopped walnuts, divided
• Cooking spray

Preparation

1. Preheat oven to 350°.
2. Weigh or lightly spoon flour into dry measuring cups; level with a knife. Combine flour and next 5 ingredients (through salt) in a large bowl. Combine 1/2 cup chocolate and milk in a microwave-safe bowl; microwave at HIGH 1 minute, stirring after 30 seconds. Stir in butter, vanilla, and eggs. Add milk mixture, 1/2 cup chocolate, and 1/4 cup nuts to flour mixture; stir to combine.
3. Pour the batter into a 9-inch square metal baking pan coated with cooking spray; sprinkle with remaining 1/4 cup nuts. Bake at 350° for 22 minutes or until a wooden pick inserted in center comes out with moist crumbs clinging. Cool in pan on a wire rack. Cut into 20 pieces.

February’s Recipes:

3^rd Molten Chocolate cake

4^th Chocolate Chip cookies – Alton Brown’s

5^th Chocolate Truffles

6^th Slow Cooker Chocolate Fondue

8^th Chocolate Sheet cake

10^th Brownie Tart

11^th Gooey, Decadent Chocolate cake

12^th Chocolate Covered Strawberries

13^th Chocolate Baklava

18^th Mexican Chocolate Cream Pie

19^th Chocolate Chunk Bread Pudding

20^th Marbled-Chocolate Banana Bread

22^nd Chocolate Hazelnut Mousse

24^th Classic Fudge-Walnut Brownie

ENJOY!

Now You Know!

DNA and Ancestry

Announcements

Lego Mania till noon for the kiddos in the Community Room.

Computer Classes every Sat. mornings 10-12. "Open House" Whatever you need. Drop in anytime during those two hours.

Check out our new blog on movies and music at: RPL's Movies and Music by Robert Finch

Genealogy tip for the day: DNA and Ancestry

Back in December (2013), Ancestry had a sale on their DNA kit for Christmas. So I bought it and sent it in. Earlier this week I received notice in my email that the results were in. I wasn’t sure if I should be excited or not. I just was unsure of what kind of results I would get.

There are different lines that you can get tested for, so I didn’t know what would show up. Would it be my father’s line? That was one of my shortest line as my grandfather’s grandparents emigrated here from Germany in the early 1800’s. I had gone as far on that line as I wanted and there wasn’t much more to know that I was interested in. So was it going to be worth the cost of the test?

To do the female line also requires a special test. But I just didn’t think it would show any results from that side also. Having read articles and heard discussions on DNA results I wasn’t expecting a lot in return.

I was in for a surprise. I logged into my ancestry account and clicked on “DNA” in the menu bar. It offered the Ethnicity Estimate (one link) and Matches (second link). I clicked on the Ethnicity Estimate. Immediately it showed all the countries to which my DNA traces back. It was all Western Europe.  No surprise there. The largest single country was Great Britain. That wasn’t a surprise either.  One surprise it did give me was that, beyond Great Britain, my ancestry traces back to Scandinavia – but only because the ancestry of the people in Britain comes from there.

I don’t pursue my own ancestry further, once I find the “jumper” – the one who came to this country either as a colonist or an immigrant. (I could, I just chose not to go any further.) So this was a bit of new information for me.  Guess I will have to go bone up on my “Western Civ” notes from college!

The big surprise waiting for me was all the matches Ancestry suggested. They ranged from 3^rd cousins to possibly 8^th cousins. The closer the relationship, the more certain was the connection. I had 3 possible 3^rd cousins in that category. It turned out that two of them were really from the same family. But yes, we were definitely related. What is so cool about this connection is that we each have information the other one did not have! Interestingly these matches were from my mother’s side. The third of the three does not have their tree online. If we have a connection, it is not evident here. But it does provide a link to contact that person, if I wish.

I have several (35) in the 4^th cousin section. I have sorted this section, but so far there are only about 3 that look plausible. Next comes the 5^th to 8^th cousin category. This was the one that had about 118 pages. I have just started going through the list of names and family in that section. I have found a few that are connected, way back. These are folks that we have a common ancestor but our lines could have intermarried generations ago! After all, we can all trace back eventually to a common ancestor.

Next week we’ll go over how to navigate these pages and what they will tell you; what you can do with what you find and how that helps you in your research of your own family.

In the meantime – keep digging.

“History is who we are; Genealogy is who I am” sg

If any of these posts are helpful drop us a line in the comments section below. We just want to know if the information we provide to you is beneficial in anyway.

George Washington

Today in History

February 22

1349		Jews are expelled from Zurich, Switzerland.
1613		Mikhail Romanov is elected czar of Russia.
1732		George Washington was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia.
1797		The last invasion of Britain takes place when some 1,400 Frenchmen land at Fishguard in Wales.
1819		Spain signs a treaty with the United States ceding eastern Florida.
1825		Russia and Britain establish the Alaska/Canada boundary.
1862		Jefferson Davis is inaugurated president of the Confederacy in Richmond, Va. for the second time.
1864		Nathan Bedford Forrest's brother, Jeffrey, is killed at Okolona, Mississippi.
1865		Federal troops capture Wilmington, N.C.
1879		Frank Winfield Woolworth's 'nothing over five cents' shop opens at Utica, New York. It is the first chain store.
1902		A fistfight breaks out in the Senate. Senator Benjamin Tillman suffers a bloody nose for accusing Senator John McLaurin of bias on the Philippine tariff issue.
1909		The Great White Fleet returns to Norfolk, Virginia, from an around-the-world show of naval power.
1911		Canadian Parliament votes to preserve the union with the British Empire.
1920		The American Relief Administration appeals to the public to pressure Congress to aid starving European cities.
1924		Columbia University declares radio education a success.
1926		Pope Pius rejects Mussolini's offer of aid to the Vatican.
1932		Adolf Hitler is the Nazi Party candidate for the presidential elections in Germany.
1935		All plane flights over the White House are barred because they are disturbing President Roosevelt's sleep.
1942		President Franklin Roosevelt orders Gen. Douglas MacArthur to leave the Philippines.
1951		The Atomic Energy Commission discloses information about the first atom-powered airplane.
1952		French forces evacuate Hoa Binh in Indochina.
1954		U.S. is to install 60 Thor nuclear missiles in Britain.
1962		A Soviet bid for new Geneva arms talks is turned down by the U.S.
1963		Moscow warns the U.S. that an attack on Cuba would mean war.
1967		Operation Junction City becomes the largest U.S. operation in Vietnam.
1984		Britain and the U.S. send warships to the Persian Gulf following an Iranian offensive against Iraq.
Born on February 22
1403		Charles VII, King of France.
1732		George Washington, Commander-in-chief of Continental forces during the American Revolution and first U.S. President.
1778		Rembrandt Peale, American painter known for portraits of U.S. founding fathers.
1857		Lord Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Boy Scout Movement.
1857		Heinrich Hertz, German physicist, the first person to broadcast and receive radio waves.
1892		Edna St. Vincent Millay, poet.
1900		Sean O'Faolain, Irish short story writer.
1925		Edward Gorey, American writer and illustrator.
1932		Edward Kennedy, Massachusetts Senator, brother of John F. Kennedy.
1944		Jonathan Demme, film director (The Silence of the Lambs, Philadelphia).

Edward (Ted) Kennedy

Word for the Day

quinary

PRONUNCIATION:

(KWY-nuh-ree)

MEANING:

adjective:
1. Relating to five.
2. Fifth in a series.
3. Having five things or arranged in five.

ETYMOLOGY:

From Latin quinarius (containing five), from quini (five each), from quinque (five). Earliest documented use: 1598. If you have ever wondered what comes after primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary, here's your answer.

USAGE:

"Her eyelids were painted in a quinary array -- pearl, gunmetal, pink, midnight blue, and plum."
Avery Aster; Undressed; Ellora's Cave; 2013.

Explore "quinary" in the Visual Thesaurus.

A THOUGHT FOR TODAY:

I and the public know. / What all schoolchildren learn. / Those to whom evil is done. / Do evil in return -W.H. Auden, poet (1907-1973)

Today’s Recipe

February - Chocolate Lover’s Month

Chocolate Hazelnut Mousse

Ingredients

1/4 cup sugar 

1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa

2 1/2 tablespoons cornstarch

1/4 teaspoon salt

2 large eggs

Click to see savings

2 cups 2% reduced-fat milk

Click to see savings

1/4 cup Frangelico (hazelnut-flavored liqueur)

1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract

3 ounces bittersweet chocolate, chopped

2 cups frozen fat-free whipped topping, thawed

2 tablespoons chopped hazelnuts, toasted

Preparation

Combine the sugar, cocoa, cornstarch, salt, and eggs in a medium bowl, stirring well with a whisk.

Heat milk over medium-high heat in a small, heavy saucepan to 180° or until tiny bubbles form around edge (do not boil). Gradually add hot milk to sugar mixture, stirring constantly with a whisk. Place the milk mixture in pan, and cook over medium heat until very thick and bubbly (about 5 minutes), stirring constantly. Spoon mixture into a medium bowl, and add liqueur, vanilla, and chocolate, stirring until chocolate melts. Place bowl in a large ice-filled bowl for 15 minutes or until mixture is cool, stirring occasionally.

Remove bowl from ice. Gently fold in one-third of whipped topping. Fold in remaining topping. Cover and chill at least 3 hours. Sprinkle with hazelnuts.

February’s Recipes:

3^rd Molten Chocolate cake

4^th Chocolate Chip cookies – Alton Brown’s

5^th Chocolate Truffles

6^th Slow Cooker Chocolate Fondue

8^th Chocolate Sheet cake

10^th Brownie Tart

11^th Gooey, Decadent Chocolate cake

12^th Chocolate Covered Strawberries

13^th Chocolate Baklava

18^th Mexican Chocolate Cream Pie

19^th Chocolate Chunk Bread Pudding

20^th Marbled-Chocolate Banana Bread

22^nd Chocolate Hazelnut Mousse

ENJOY!

Now You Know!